Cortisol
Disclaimer: Information on this page is for educational purposes. Consult a physician to interpret your test results. Lissa Health helps track biomarker trends but does not replace medical advice.
What This Test Measures
Cortisol is the adrenal glucocorticoid regulating metabolism, immunity, and stress adaptation. It peaks at 6–8 AM.
Morning cortisol screens for adrenal insufficiency and Cushing syndrome.
For Cushing diagnosis, 24-hour urine, salivary cortisol, or dexamethasone suppression test are preferred.
Normal Ranges
| Group | Reference Range |
|---|---|
| Men | 5–23 µg/dL morning (138–635 nmol/L) |
| Women | 5–23 µg/dL morning |
| Children | 3–21 µg/dL |
Reference ranges may vary by laboratory and assay method.
Causes of High Levels
- Cushing syndrome
- Stress, illness
- Depression
- Obesity
- Exogenous glucocorticoids
Causes of Low Levels
- Addison disease
- Adrenal insufficiency
- Hypopituitarism
- Chronic glucocorticoid use
Test Preparation
- Blood draw 7–9 AM
- Avoid morning stress and exercise
- Report steroid medications
Related Biomarkers
| Biomarker | Relationship |
|---|---|
| Glucose | Metabolic effects |
| Sodium | Mineralocorticoid balance |
| Testosterone | Adrenal androgens |
FAQ
How often should I take this test?
For suspected adrenal disorders — per endocrinology protocol.
What should I do if my result is abnormal?
Borderline morning cortisol — ACTH stimulation test or repeat; do not start steroids without diagnosis.
Last updated: June 2026