Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV)
Disclaimer: Information on this page is for educational purposes. Consult a physician to interpret your test results. Lissa Health helps track biomarker trends but does not replace medical advice.
What This Test Measures
MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume) is the average volume of a single red blood cell, measured in femtoliters. It is a key index for classifying anemias by red cell size.
Low MCV (<80 fL) indicates microcytic anemia — most commonly iron deficiency or thalassemia. High MCV (>100 fL) is typical of macrocytic anemias from B12 or folate deficiency, as well as alcohol abuse.
MCV guides further workup: low MCV prompts ferritin and iron studies; high MCV prompts B12 and folate testing.
Normal Ranges
| Group | Reference Range |
|---|---|
| Men | 80–100 fL |
| Women | 80–100 fL |
| Children | 70–86 fL (infants), 77–95 fL (children) |
Reference ranges may vary by laboratory and assay method.
Causes of High Levels
- Vitamin B12 and folate deficiency
- Liver disease and alcoholism
- Hypothyroidism
- Myelodysplastic syndrome
- Reticulocytosis after blood loss
Causes of Low Levels
- Iron deficiency anemia
- Thalassemia
- Anemia of chronic disease
- Sideroblastic anemia
Test Preparation
- No preparation required
- Report alcohol use and hematologic medications
Related Biomarkers
| Biomarker | Relationship |
|---|---|
| Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH) | Mean hemoglobin content per RBC |
| Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) | Hemoglobin concentration per RBC |
| Ferritin | Iron stores in microcytosis |
FAQ
How often should I take this test?
With every CBC; during anemia treatment — every 4–12 weeks.
What should I do if my result is abnormal?
MCV guides additional testing. Do not start iron or B12 without medical advice.
Last updated: June 2026