Hemoglobin
Hemoglobin (Hb) is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to tissues and returns carbon dioxide. It is part of the standard Complete Blood Count (CBC) and is a key marker for diagnosing anemias.
Disclaimer. This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Consult your healthcare provider for interpretation of test results.
Normal Ranges
| Group | Normal (g/L) | Normal (g/dL) |
|---|---|---|
| Men | 130–170 | 13.0–17.0 |
| Women | 120–150 | 12.0–15.0 |
| Pregnant women | 110–140 | 11.0–14.0 |
| Children (1–5 y) | 110–140 | 11.0–14.0 |
| Newborns | 145–225 | 14.5–22.5 |
Causes of Low Hemoglobin (Anemia)
- Iron deficiency anemia — the most common cause (insufficient iron intake, chronic blood loss)
- Vitamin B12 and folate deficiency anemia
- Chronic diseases (kidney disease, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer)
- Acute blood loss
- Hemolytic anemias
Causes of High Hemoglobin
- Dehydration (relative erythrocytosis)
- Polycythemia vera
- Chronic hypoxia (smoking, high altitude, COPD)
- Congenital heart defects
Related Biomarkers
- Ferritin — reflects iron stores, key test for iron deficiency diagnosis
- HbA1c — result depends on red blood cell lifespan
- CRP — anemia of chronic inflammation
Symptoms
Low hemoglobin: fatigue, weakness, dizziness, pale skin, shortness of breath, rapid heartbeat, brittle nails.
High hemoglobin: headaches, skin redness, high blood pressure, blood clots.
Monitoring
Regular hemoglobin monitoring helps evaluate treatment response and track trends. Lissa Health automatically structures CBC results and visualizes biomarker trends over time.
FAQ
How can I increase hemoglobin? For iron deficiency — take iron supplements, eat iron-rich foods (red meat, liver, legumes). Treatment depends on the underlying cause.
How often should I get a CBC? For routine checkups — annually. With anemia symptoms — as directed by your physician.
Last updated: June 2026